A new initiative between Minnetonka, Minn.-based insurer UnitedHealthcare and a collaboration of major Wisconsin health systems will work on efforts to improve processes that are expected to result in improved quality of care and reduced costs of health care plans for businesses and their employees.
Quality Health Solutions Inc. is a collaborative of major Wisconsin health systems โ including Agnesian Healthcare, Columbia St. Maryโs, Froedtert Health, Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare โ and the Medical College of Wisconsin. These health systems have convened to form whatโs called an โaccountable care organizationโ (ACO).
ACOs are a way for health providers to form networks with the goal of better coordinated care, and Kaiser Health News recently called ACOs โone of the most talked about new ideas in Obamacare.โ
QHS is Wisconsinโs largest ACO and is one of the first multiple-system ACOs in the entire country.
โThis is a $7 billion proposition in terms of the net revenues of the members,โ said Peter Pruessing, CEO of QHS. โCollectively, weโre a very large organization with a lot of capabilities.โ
And though Brookfield-based QHS has been operational since 2005 and incorporates a wide range of activity, some of the major steps it has taken have come at a unique time of upheaval within the industry, as insurance provided through the Affordable Care Actโs newly established marketplaces will be in full effect on Jan. 1, 2014.
In mid-September, Wisconsinโs second largest health system โ Ministry Health Care โ joined QHS, significantly increasing the organizationโs footprint across the state, which now covers the majority of eastern Wisconsin.

The organization also recently announced a major new initiative with UnitedHealthcare, one that will represent $650 million of UnitedHealthcareโs annual reimbursements.
โItโs a very innovative collective effort of otherwise competing health systems to work together through clinical integration to deliver these results to the payer,โ Pruessing said. โClinical integration is the way that otherwise competing entities like our members โ Wheaton, Columbia St. Maryโs, Froedtert, Agnesian, etc. โ working in the same market would otherwise be competing.โ
This new accountable care initiative incorporates the 3,000 physicians and 18 hospitals comprising the five QHS members in southeastern Wisconsin. It will begin with more than 50,000 Wisconsin residents currently enrolled in UnitedHealthcareโs employer-sponsored health plans and is expected to grow.
โWeโre kicking this off with 53,000 patients, but United is saying this will go to 100,000 very quickly,โ said Pruessing.
Pruessing said this agreement was in the works for more than seven months, and that the final agreement, โcontains 19 specific measures that we had to agree on โ clinical measures, efficiency measures and financial measures.โ
For those insuring through UnitedHealthcare this means, โthe costs of their health plan in the participating business will be managed down over time,โ said Pruessing. โAn employer, who will be benefitting from this over time, should be able to pass some of those savings along. (People in this agreement) will gain in terms of the costs of those premiums. Theyโll gain in terms of the quality of care they are getting because now theyโre going to be functioning in this clinically integrated environment where we have all these metrics.โ
Cathy Jacobson, CEO and president of Froedtert Health, a founding member of QHS, called this a โpioneering strategy.โ
โAs UnitedHealthcareโs partner in this market, QHS care providers will use a shared clinical information platform and common quality standards to coordinate care for UnitedHealthcareโs plan participants,โ she said. โIt is a tremendous step toward a sustainable health care system.โ
Pruessing said this initiative is representative of a larger change in the relationship between the health system administering the care and the insurance company that is paying for it. Historically, he said, providers and payers were at odds in the negotiating process, where โeach side was just trying to get the most it could from the other side,โ but that โthe era weโre moving into now puts us on the same side of the table.โ
Pruessing indicated that a number of other discussions with additional insurance payers are currently ongoing, but he declined to name any of them specifically.
The agreement between QHS and UnitedHealthcare is a three-year contract that begins on Jan. 1, 2014. There are โthreshold requirements or gatewaysโ that each health system is required to meet to become eligible for cost savings, said Pruessing, and in order to do so, all of these strict requirements must be met by QHS and its participating health systems.
As Jacobson notes, โThese are not easy targets weโve established for UnitedHealthcare.โ
Another of these participating health systems is Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare, which joined QHS in February, 2012. Coreen Dicus-Johnson, senior vice president of physician and revenue operations for Wheaton, said this makes their health system mutually aligned with United.
โThe incentives are aligned in terms of the care thatโs provided and how weโre paid for that care,โ she said. โWeโre both incented to bend the cost curve to support doing that. Thatโs the big game-changer.โ
Jacobson also said this initiative creates more of a mutually beneficial system than it has been in the past.
โWe have an opportunity to work together to accelerate that savings and to bring some of those resources back into the health system,โ she said. โIt becomes more of a two-way aligned incentive to accelerate our quality improvement efforts.โ
Columbia St. Maryโs CEO Mark Taylor also commented on the positives of this initiative when it was announced.
โThis is a tremendous step forward for QHS members to cooperatively improve population health, positively impact patient experience and effectively reduce medical costs,โ he said. โAlthough we compete with many of these systems on a daily basis, cooperation in an accountable care organization will help us achieve something larger, something that none of us could achieve on our own.โ
The enthusiasm for QHS among these health systems extends beyond the new initiative with UnitedHealthcare. The larger ACO arrangement with these competing health systems is particularly unique.
โThis puts us ahead of the curve,โ said Jacobson. โ(QHS) always has been and continues to be one of our strategic priorities.โ
ACOs are being established across the country, but many of them โ such as Aurora Health Careโs ACO here in Wisconsin โ are within one large health system. And though QHSโs ACO will share some fundamental similarities with Auroraโs, said Pruessing, the biggest difference is the way in which multiple health systems participate.
โOne thing we like about this approach is that this preserves the flavor of the different members in the different markets,โ said Pruessing. โOur members are leaders in their markets. Each of them is sort of in a market and not necessarily connected to other marketsโฆWeโre a competitive option in the market, but within our membership, weโre kind of a broad narrow network. We have the ability to steer business and keep it within our network, but within our network, we have a lot of choices. In a way, itโs maybe the best of both worlds.โ
Wheaton, for example, could have established its own ACO, said Dicus-Johnson, but the health system chose instead to join QHS.
โWe have a number of hospitals, employed physicians, physician partners, similar to some of the competitors in this marketplace,โ she said. โWhy we all came together is we believe strongly that the collection of us is stronger.โ
Pruessing said that a key part of having this multi-system ACO is that this large network has been established without any mergers or acquisitions taking place. However, he said, the possibility that these large health systems could merge is a realistic possibility.
โ(Mergers) could happen,โ he said. โIf some of our members, through working together, decided they wanted to have closer relations โ whether thatโs structural or functional โ that would be fine with us. Over time, some of them may decide that they want to come together in a more integrated way.โ
For QHS at this stage, though, the focus is to bring up the bottom line in terms of โperformance, functionality and value,โ said Pruessing.
The acceleration in activity that QHS has seen as of late is in some part due to the Affordable Care Act, said Pruessing. However, there are other market forces at work, and the wheels have been turning for a while, he said.
โWeโve known for a long time, and the field has known for a long time that these changes were coming,โ he said. โItโs been accelerated by reform. But I would distinguish between the Affordable Care Act itself, on the one hand, and these irresistible forces that were already at work that were going to play out regardless of the politics. Iโm not so fixated on the political manifestation of this; weโve all kind of been moving, to some degree, in this direction over the last several years. If youโve noticed, costs have actually come down even without reform being in place. There are people out there saying how bad this has been, and it hasnโt even been implemented yet. Thereโs a lot of lack of understanding. Thereโs been a lot of noise and limited signal.โ